r is the yield of the solar panel given by the ratio : electrical power (in kWp) of one solar panel divided by the area of one panel. Example : the solar panel yield of a PV module of 250 Wp
For PV applications, a few authors have proposed data-driven prognosis models to evaluate the RUL of PV modules. For example, Laayouj et al. 11 proposed a smart prognostic method for PV module health degradation
